Fairness in ML

CVPR 2024arXiv:2402.17229

#2

Preserving Fairness Generalization in Deepfake Detection

Li Lin, Xinan He, Yan Ju et al.

96

ICML 2024arXiv:2402.02680

#3

Large Language Models are Geographically Biased

Rohin Manvi, Samar Khanna, Marshall Burke et al.

geographic biaslarge language modelszero-shot predictionsocioeconomic bias+3

93

ICLR 2024arXiv:2311.07604

#4

Finetuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Fairness

Xudong Shen, Chao Du, Tianyu Pang et al.

87

CVPR 2024arXiv:2403.19949

#5

FairCLIP: Harnessing Fairness in Vision-Language Learning

Yan Luo, MIN SHI, Muhammad Osama Khan et al.

79

CVPR 2024arXiv:2404.07990

#6

OpenBias: Open-set Bias Detection in Text-to-Image Generative Models

Moreno D&#x27, Incà, Elia Peruzzo et al.

open-set bias detectiontext-to-image generationgenerative model fairnessbias quantification+3

72

ICLR 2025arXiv:2407.01100

#7

Eliminating Position Bias of Language Models: A Mechanistic Approach

Ziqi Wang, Hanlin Zhang, Xiner Li et al.

position biascausal attentionrelative positional encodingsbidirectional attention+4

50

CVPR 2024arXiv:2405.16585

#8

Fair Federated Learning under Domain Skew with Local Consistency and Domain Diversity

Yuhang Chen, Wenke Huang, Mang Ye

43

CVPR 2024arXiv:2402.18206

#9

Balancing Act: Distribution-Guided Debiasing in Diffusion Models

Rishubh Parihar, Abhijnya Bhat, Abhipsa Basu et al.

42

ICLR 2024arXiv:2306.09468

#10

FFB: A Fair Fairness Benchmark for In-Processing Group Fairness Methods

Xiaotian Han, Jianfeng Chi, Yu Chen et al.

42

CVPR 2024arXiv:2403.19964

#11

FairRAG: Fair Human Generation via Fair Retrieval Augmentation

Robik Shrestha, Yang Zou, Qiuyu Chen et al.

37

ICLR 2025arXiv:2410.19317

#12

FairMT-Bench: Benchmarking Fairness for Multi-turn Dialogue in Conversational LLMs

Zhiting Fan, Ruizhe Chen, Tianxiang Hu et al.

fairness benchmarkingmulti-turn dialoguebias amplificationconversational llms+4

37

ICML 2024arXiv:2402.15638

#13

Fair Resource Allocation in Multi-Task Learning

Hao Ban, Kaiyi Ji

multi-task learningconflicting gradientsgradient manipulation methodsfair resource allocation+4

35

AAAI 2025arXiv:2311.17695

#14

Fair Text-to-Image Diffusion via Fair Mapping

Jia Li, Lijie Hu, Jingfeng Zhang et al.

33

ICLR 2024arXiv:2403.01189

#15

Training Unbiased Diffusion Models From Biased Dataset

Yeongmin Kim, Byeonghu Na, Minsang Park et al.

33

AAAI 2024arXiv:2403.12474

#16

FairSIN: Achieving Fairness in Graph Neural Networks through Sensitive Information Neutralization

Cheng Yang, Jixi Liu, Yunhe Yan et al.

graph neural networksfairness in gnnssensitive information neutralizationbias mitigation+3

33

ICML 2024arXiv:2407.08188

#17

Position: Measure Dataset Diversity, Don't Just Claim It

Dora Zhao, Jerone Andrews, Orestis Papakyriakopoulos et al.

dataset diversity measurementvalue-laden propertiesmeasurement theorydataset construction+4

32

ICLR 2024arXiv:2403.15593

#18

FairerCLIP: Debiasing CLIP's Zero-Shot Predictions using Functions in RKHSs

Sepehr Dehdashtian, Lan Wang, Vishnu Boddeti

31

ECCV 2024arXiv:2407.08813

#19

FairDomain: Achieving Fairness in Cross-Domain Medical Image Segmentation and Classification

Yu Tian, Congcong Wen, Min Shi et al.

algorithmic fairnessdomain adaptationdomain generalizationmedical image segmentation+4

27

ICLR 2024arXiv:2310.05055

#20

FairTune: Optimizing Parameter Efficient Fine Tuning for Fairness in Medical Image Analysis

Raman Dutt, Ondrej Bohdal, Sotirios Tsaftaris et al.

27

COLM 2025arXiv:2504.12522

#21

Evaluating the Diversity and Quality of LLM Generated Content

Alexander Shypula, Shuo Li, Botong Zhang et al.

Diversity;Alignment;LLMs;Evaluation;Program Synthesis;Code Generation;Creative Writing

27

scalable evaluation methodsmodel evaluation biasllm-as-a-judge paradigmdebiasing methods+4

#22

Limits to scalable evaluation at the frontier: LLM as judge won’t beat twice the data

Florian Eddie Dorner, Vivian Nastl, Moritz Hardt

ICLR 2025

24

ICLR 2024arXiv:2404.19596

#23

Debiased Collaborative Filtering with Kernel-Based Causal Balancing

Haoxuan Li, Chunyuan Zheng, Yanghao Xiao et al.

24

NEURIPS 2025arXiv:2505.23433

#24

Diversity-Aware Policy Optimization for Large Language Model Reasoning

Jian Yao, Ran Cheng, Xingyu Wu et al.

22

CVPR 2024arXiv:2404.09454

#25

Utility-Fairness Trade-Offs and How to Find Them

Sepehr Dehdashtian, Bashir Sadeghi, Vishnu Naresh Boddeti

22

ICLR 2024arXiv:2310.18913

#26

Debiasing Algorithm through Model Adaptation

Tomasz Limisiewicz, David Mareček, Tomáš Musil

22

ICLR 2025arXiv:2410.19803

#27

First-Person Fairness in Chatbots

Tyna Eloundou, Alex Beutel, David Robinson et al.

chatbot fairnesscounterfactual evaluationfirst-person fairnessbias assessment+4

20

ICML 2025arXiv:2502.04313

#28

Great Models Think Alike and this Undermines AI Oversight

Shashwat Goel, Joschka Strüber, Ilze Amanda Auzina et al.

20

ICML 2024arXiv:2402.12572

#29

FairProof : Confidential and Certifiable Fairness for Neural Networks

Chhavi Yadav, Amrita Roy Chowdhury, Dan Boneh et al.

zero-knowledge proofsfairness certificationneural networksmodel confidentiality+2

19

ICLR 2025arXiv:2410.20247

#30

Fair-VPT: Fair Visual Prompt Tuning for Image Classification

Sungho Park, Hyeran Byun

Model Equality Testing: Which Model is this API Serving?

Irena Gao, Percy Liang, Carlos Guestrin

model equality testingtwo-sample testingmaximum mean discrepancyblack-box inference apis+4

19

ICLR 2024arXiv:2306.07261

#32

Unprocessing Seven Years of Algorithmic Fairness

André F. Cruz, Moritz Hardt

18

ICLR 2025arXiv:2403.08743

#33

Prompting Fairness: Integrating Causality to Debias Large Language Models

Jingling Li, Zeyu Tang, Xiaoyu Liu et al.

causality-guided debiasinglarge language modelssocial bias mitigationcausal pathway analysis+3

17

ICML 2024arXiv:2406.03631

#34

Discovering Bias in Latent Space: An Unsupervised Debiasing Approach

Dyah Adila, Shuai Zhang, Boran Han et al.

question answeringfoundation modelsprompt sensitivitybias mitigation+4

AAAI 2025arXiv:2405.15443

#35

Fairness-Accuracy Trade-Offs: A Causal Perspective

Drago Plecko, Elias Bareinboim

AAAI 2024arXiv:2312.13306

#36

Towards Fair Graph Federated Learning via Incentive Mechanisms

12794 Chenglu Pan, Jiarong Xu, Yue Yu et al.

graph federated learningincentive mechanismsagent valuationgradient alignment+4

ICLR 2024arXiv:2405.00588

#37

Are Models Biased on Text without Gender-related Language?

Catarina Belém, Preethi Seshadri, Yasaman Razeghi et al.

AAAI 2025arXiv:2412.10669

#38

FairGP: A Scalable and Fair Graph Transformer Using Graph Partitioning

Renqiang Luo, Huafei Huang, Ivan Lee et al.

13

ICML 2024arXiv:2201.00292

#39

Fair Data Representation for Machine Learning at the Pareto Frontier

Shizhou Xu, Thomas Strohmer

fair data representationoptimal affine transportwasserstein barycenter characterizationstatistical disparity+4

12

ICLR 2024arXiv:2401.12532

#40

DAFA: Distance-Aware Fair Adversarial Training

Hyungyu Lee, Saehyung Lee, Hyemi Jang et al.

12

CVPR 2024arXiv:2402.18133

#41

Classes Are Not Equal: An Empirical Study on Image Recognition Fairness

Jiequan Cui, Beier Zhu, Xin Wen et al.

12

AAAI 2024arXiv:2312.05551

#42

FedLF: Layer-Wise Fair Federated Learning

Zibin Pan, Chi Li, Fangchen Yu et al.

Multi-Dimensional Fair Federated Learning

Cong Su, Guoxian Yu, Jun Wang et al.

federated learninggroup fairnessclient fairnessdifferential multipliers+3

CVPR 2024arXiv:2403.06606

#44

Distributionally Generative Augmentation for Fair Facial Attribute Classification

Fengda Zhang, Qianpei He, Kun Kuang et al.

ICLR 2024arXiv:2311.18460

#45

Causal Fairness under Unobserved Confounding: A Neural Sensitivity Framework

Maresa Schröder, Dennis Frauen, Stefan Feuerriegel

CVPR 2025arXiv:2503.13792

#46

Identifying and Mitigating Position Bias of Multi-image Vision-Language Models

Xinyu Tian, Shu Zou, Zhaoyuan Yang et al.

position biasmulti-image reasoningvision-language modelsattention mechanism+3

CVPR 2025arXiv:2503.17928

#47

Debiasing Multimodal Large Language Models via Noise-Aware Preference Optimization

zefeng zhang, Hengzhu Tang, Jiawei Sheng et al.

ICLR 2024arXiv:2310.05725

#48

Post-hoc bias scoring is optimal for fair classification

Wenlong Chen, Yegor Klochkov, Yang Liu

fair classificationbias scoredemographic parityequalized opportunity+4

AAAI 2024arXiv:2309.06627

#49

A Sequentially Fair Mechanism for Multiple Sensitive Attributes

Francois HU, Philipp Ratz, Arthur Charpentier

algorithmic fairnessmultiple sensitive attributessequential fairnessmulti-marginal wasserstein barycenters+3

NEURIPS 2025arXiv:2502.00313

#50

Distributive Fairness in Large Language Models: Evaluating Alignment with Human Values

Hadi Hosseini, Samarth Khanna

ICML 2024arXiv:2405.02225

#51

Fair Risk Control: A Generalized Framework for Calibrating Multi-group Fairness Risks

Lujing Zhang, Aaron Roth, Linjun Zhang

multi-group fairnesspost-processing calibrationmulticalibrationfalse negative rate control+4

CVPR 2024arXiv:2402.17729

#52

Towards Fairness-Aware Adversarial Learning

Yanghao Zhang, Tianle Zhang, Ronghui Mu et al.

ICML 2024arXiv:2303.08516

#53

Fair Off-Policy Learning from Observational Data

Dennis Frauen, Valentyn Melnychuk, Stefan Feuerriegel

fair off-policy learningalgorithmic decision-makingobservational datafairness notions+4

AAAI 2025arXiv:2407.14367

#54

Thinking Racial Bias in Fair Forgery Detection: Models, Datasets and Evaluations

Decheng Liu, Zongqi Wang, Chunlei Peng et al.

ICML 2024arXiv:2405.04034

#55

Differentially Private Post-Processing for Fair Regression

Ruicheng Xian, Qiaobo Li, Gautam Kamath et al.

differential privacyfair regressionstatistical paritypost-processing algorithms+4

ICLR 2024arXiv:2310.15653

#56

Deceptive Fairness Attacks on Graphs via Meta Learning

Jian Kang, Yinglong Xia, Ross Maciejewski et al.

COLM 2025arXiv:2504.14716

#57

Pairwise or Pointwise? Evaluating Feedback Protocols for Bias in LLM-Based Evaluation

Tuhina Tripathi, Manya Wadhwa, Greg Durrett et al.

evaluationdataalignment

ICML 2024arXiv:2402.09326

#58

Stability and Multigroup Fairness in Ranking with Uncertain Predictions

Siddartha Devic, Aleksandra Korolova, David Kempe et al.

ranking functionsuncertain predictionsmultigroup fairnessindividual fairness+4

ICLR 2024arXiv:2401.10632

#59

Interventional Fairness on Partially Known Causal Graphs: A Constrained Optimization Approach

Aoqi Zuo, yiqing li, Susan Wei et al.

AAAI 2025arXiv:2412.15504

#60

Mitigating Social Bias in Large Language Models: A Multi-Objective Approach Within a Multi-Agent Framework

Zhenjie Xu, Wenqing Chen, Yi Tang et al.

social bias mitigationlarge language modelsmulti-agent frameworkcausal intervention+3

NEURIPS 2025arXiv:2502.04380

#61

Diversity as a Reward: Fine-Tuning LLMs on a Mixture of Domain-Undetermined Data

Zhenqing Ling, Daoyuan Chen, Liuyi Yao et al.

ICLR 2024arXiv:2310.17256

#62

fairret: a Framework for Differentiable Fairness Regularization Terms

Maarten Buyl, MaryBeth Defrance, Tijl De Bie

AAAI 2024arXiv:2312.08749

#63

Mitigating Label Bias in Machine Learning: Fairness through Confident Learning

Yixuan Zhang, Boyu Li, Zenan Ling et al.

CVPR 2024arXiv:2402.18372

#64

FedUV: Uniformity and Variance for Heterogeneous Federated Learning

Ha Min Son, Moon-Hyun Kim, Tai-Myoung Chung et al.

ICLR 2025arXiv:2310.11211

#65

FedGCR: Achieving Performance and Fairness for Federated Learning with Distinct Client Types via Group Customization and Reweighting

Shu-Ling Cheng, Chin-Yuan Yeh, Ting-An Chen et al.

Understanding Fairness Surrogate Functions in Algorithmic Fairness

Yong Liu, (Andrew) Zhanke Zhou, Zhicong Li et al.

algorithmic fairnessfairness surrogate functionsdemographic parityconstrained optimization+4

ICLR 2024arXiv:2310.06205

#67

Fair Classifiers that Abstain without Harm

Tongxin Yin, Jean-Francois Ton, Ruocheng Guo et al.

ICML 2024arXiv:2402.03839

#68

Random features models: a way to study the success of naive imputation

Alexis Ayme, Claire Boyer, Aymeric Dieuleveut et al.

missing data imputationrandom features modelshigh-dimensional linear predictorsmissing completely at random+4

ICML 2024arXiv:2309.03426

#69

Adapting Static Fairness to Sequential Decision-Making: Bias Mitigation Strategies towards Equal Long-term Benefit Rate

Yuancheng Xu, Chenghao Deng, Yanchao Sun et al.

sequential decision-makinglong-term fairnessbias mitigationmarkov decision process+3

ICLR 2024arXiv:2311.02189

#70

FairSeg: A Large-Scale Medical Image Segmentation Dataset for Fairness Learning Using Segment Anything Model with Fair Error-Bound Scaling

Yu Tian, Min Shi, Yan Luo et al.

ICLR 2025arXiv:2410.04120

#71

Rethinking Fair Representation Learning for Performance-Sensitive Tasks

Charles Jones, Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro, Mélanie Roschewitz et al.

fair representation learningbias mitigationcausal reasoningdataset bias+3

ECCV 2024arXiv:2406.07320

#72

A Framework for Efficient Model Evaluation through Stratification, Sampling, and Estimation

Riccardo Fogliato, Pratik Patil, Mathew Monfort et al.

ICML 2024arXiv:2312.04772

#73

Remembering to Be Fair: Non-Markovian Fairness in Sequential Decision Making

Parand A. Alamdari, Toryn Q. Klassen, Elliot Creager et al.

sequential decision makingnon-markovian fairnessfairness propertiesfair policy synthesis+2

ICML 2025arXiv:2505.18545

#74

B-score: Detecting biases in large language models using response history

An Vo, Mohammad Reza Taesiri, Daeyoung Kim et al.

AAAI 2025arXiv:2402.05541

#75

FedAA: A Reinforcement Learning Perspective on Adaptive Aggregation for Fair and Robust Federated Learning

Jialuo He, Wei Chen, Xiaojin Zhang

NEURIPS 2025arXiv:2410.02777

#76

Secure and Confidential Certificates of Online Fairness

Olive Franzese, Ali Shahin Shamsabadi, Carter Luck et al.

AAAI 2024arXiv:2311.00109

#77

FairWASP: Fast and Optimal Fair Wasserstein Pre-processing

Zikai Xiong, Niccolo Dalmasso, Alan Mishler et al.

fairness pre-processingwasserstein distance minimizationdemographic paritymixed-integer programming+4

ECCV 2024arXiv:2409.17691

#78

Efficient Bias Mitigation Without Privileged Information

Mateo Espinosa Zarlenga, Sankaranarayanan, Jerone Andrews et al.

ICLR 2024arXiv:2310.18413

#79

On the Fairness ROAD: Robust Optimization for Adversarial Debiasing

Vincent Grari, Thibault Laugel, Tatsunori Hashimoto et al.

ICML 2024arXiv:2312.10396

#80

How Far Can Fairness Constraints Help Recover From Biased Data?

Mohit Sharma, Amit Jayant Deshpande

fair classificationequal opportunity constraintsdata bias modelsbiased data recovery+4

ICML 2024arXiv:2405.20790

#81

Intersectional Unfairness Discovery

Gezheng Xu, Qi CHEN, Charles X. Ling et al.

intersectional fairnessbias discoverygenerative networkssensitive attributes+2

ICML 2024arXiv:2312.03886

#82

On The Fairness Impacts of Hardware Selection in Machine Learning

Sree Harsha Nelaturu, Nishaanth Kanna, Cuong Tran et al.

hardware selectionmodel fairnessperformance disparitiesgradient flow variation+3

AAAI 2024arXiv:2308.08938

#83

Causal Adversarial Perturbations for Individual Fairness and Robustness in Heterogeneous Data Spaces

Ahmad-Reza Ehyaei, Kiarash Mohammadi, Amir-Hossein Karimi et al.

ICML 2024arXiv:2406.03255

#84

On the Maximal Local Disparity of Fairness-Aware Classifiers

Jinqiu Jin, Haoxuan Li, Fuli Feng

fairness-aware classifiersdemographic paritylocal disparityfairness metrics+2

AAAI 2025arXiv:2410.08111

#85

Active Fourier Auditor for Estimating Distributional Properties of ML Models

Ayoub Ajarra, Bishwamittra Ghosh, Debabrota Basu

ICML 2024arXiv:2409.03303

#86

Improving Robustness to Multiple Spurious Correlations by Multi-Objective Optimization

Nayeong Kim, Juwon Kang, Sungsoo Ahn et al.

spurious correlationsmulti-objective optimizationdebiased trainingminimax pareto solution+3

AAAI 2024arXiv:2401.11601

#87

Robust Evaluation Measures for Evaluating Social Biases in Masked Language Models

Yang Liu

social bias evaluationmasked language modelspseudo-log-likelihood scoresdistributional divergence measures+4

ICML 2025arXiv:2505.18532

#88

Preserving AUC Fairness in Learning with Noisy Protected Groups

Mingyang Wu, Li Lin, Wenbin Zhang et al.

ICML 2024arXiv:2308.11375

#89

Standardized Interpretable Fairness Measures for Continuous Risk Scores

Ann-Kristin Becker, Oana Dumitrasc, Klaus Broelemann

fairness measurescontinuous risk scoreswasserstein distancegroup disparities+2

ICML 2025arXiv:2411.12843

#90

Reward Modeling with Ordinal Feedback: Wisdom of the Crowd

Shang Liu, Yu Pan, Guanting Chen et al.

ICML 2025arXiv:2502.02966

#91

FACTER: Fairness-Aware Conformal Thresholding and Prompt Engineering for Enabling Fair LLM-Based Recommender Systems

Arya Fayyazi, Mehdi Kamal, Massoud Pedram

ICML 2025arXiv:2506.07049

#92

FairPFN: A Tabular Foundation Model for Causal Fairness

Jake Robertson, Noah Hollmann, Samuel Gabriel Müller et al.

ICLR 2025arXiv:2501.13273

#93

Enhancing Robust Fairness via Confusional Spectral Regularization

Gaojie Jin, Sihao Wu, Jiaxu Liu et al.

ICLR 2024arXiv:2312.03259

#94

f-FERM: A Scalable Framework for Robust Fair Empirical Risk Minimization

Sina Baharlouei, Shivam Patel, Meisam Razaviyayn

COLM 2025arXiv:2506.19028

#95

Quantifying Fairness in LLMs Beyond Tokens: A Semantic and Statistical Perspective

Weijie Xu, Yiwen Wang, Chi Xue et al.

FairnessBiasEvaluation

COLM 2025arXiv:2507.07186

#96

Planted in Pretraining, Swayed by Finetuning: A Case Study on the Origins of Cognitive Biases in LLMs

Itay Itzhak, Yonatan Belinkov, Gabriel Stanovsky

biascognitive biaseslarge language modelsLLM biases+9

COLM 2025arXiv:2504.06303

#97

On the Effectiveness and Generalization of Race Representations for Debiasing High-Stakes Decisions

Dang Nguyen, Chenhao Tan

fairness and biasinterpretability

ICML 2024arXiv:2303.01704

#98

Feature Importance Disparities for Data Bias Investigations

Peter Chang, Leor Fishman, Seth Neel

feature importance disparitydata bias investigationprotected featuresfairness metrics+3

ICLR 2024arXiv:2310.11401

#99

Enhancing Group Fairness in Online Settings Using Oblique Decision Forests

Somnath Basu Roy Chowdhury, Nicholas Monath, Ahmad Beirami et al.

NEURIPS 2025arXiv:2502.03429

#100

On Fairness of Unified Multimodal Large Language Model for Image Generation

Ming Liu, Hao Chen, Jindong Wang et al.